What is what to do when water heater stops working?

Here's some information about what to do when your water heater stops working:

When your water heater gives up the ghost, troubleshooting can save you time and money before calling a professional. Here's a breakdown of common issues and how to approach them:

1. Check the Basics:

   • Power Supply: Is the water heater plugged in (electric) or is the gas supply on (gas)? Check the circuit breaker (electric) or gas shut-off valve. A tripped breaker is a common cause. Reset the breaker. If it trips again immediately, you likely have an electrical problem requiring a professional. For gas, ensure the pilot light is lit. Instructions for relighting are usually found on the heater itself.
   • Thermostat Setting: Make sure the thermostat is set to an appropriate temperature. Sometimes, it can accidentally be bumped to a lower setting or even "vacation" mode.

2. No Hot Water At All:

   • Electric Water Heater:

     • Heating Elements: Electric water heaters have two heating elements. One might have burned out. Testing them requires a multimeter and some electrical knowledge. Caution: Electricity can be dangerous. If you're uncomfortable, call a qualified electrician.
     • High Limit Switch: This safety switch shuts off the power if the water overheats. It might need to be reset. There's usually a reset button on the water heater (often a red button).

   • Gas Water Heater:

     • Pilot Light Issues: A pilot light that won't stay lit often indicates a problem with the thermocouple (a sensor that detects the pilot flame). It might need cleaning or replacement.
     • Gas Valve: A faulty gas valve can prevent the heater from working. This is a repair best left to a professional.

3. Lukewarm Water:

   • Sediment Buildup: Sediment can insulate the heating elements (electric) or the bottom of the tank (gas), reducing efficiency. Flushing the water heater can remove sediment. Caution: Hot water and pressure are involved.
   • Thermostat Issues: The thermostat might be faulty and not accurately sensing the water temperature.

4. Rusty or Discolored Water:

   • Corrosion: Rust indicates corrosion inside the tank. This is a sign that the water heater is nearing the end of its lifespan.

5. Leaking Water Heater:

   • Tank Leak: A leak from the tank itself usually means the tank is corroded and needs to be replaced.
   • Loose Fittings: Check for leaks around the fittings and connections. Tighten them if necessary, but avoid over-tightening.
   • Pressure Relief Valve: If the pressure relief valve is leaking, it could indicate excessive pressure in the tank. Consult a professional.

When to Call a Professional:

• If you're uncomfortable working with electricity or gas.
• If you suspect a gas leak.
• If you've tried basic troubleshooting and the problem persists.
• If the water heater is leaking from the tank itself.
• If you lack the necessary tools or expertise.

Safety First: Always turn off the power (electric) or gas (gas) to the water heater before attempting any repairs.